Dielectric ceramic, methods for making and evaluating the same, and monolithic ceramic electronic

A dielectric ceramic has a ceramic structure of crystal grains and grain boundaries between the crystal grains. The crystal grains are of a main component represented by the formula ABO3 and an additive containing a rare earth element wherein A is at least one of barium, calcium, and strontium, barium being an essential element, and B is at least one of titanium, zirconium, and hafnium, titanium being an essential element. The average rare earth element concentration in the interior of the crystal grains is about 50% or less the average rare earth element concentration at the grain boundaries. Furthermore, about 20% to 70% of the crystal grains have a rare earth element concentration in the center of the crystal grain of at least about 1/50 the maximum rare earth element concentration in a region extending inward from the surface by a distance corresponding to about 5% of the diameter of the crystal grain.